DISTURBANCES AND MULTIPLE STABLE STATES IN MARINE SYSTEMS

Compiled by Jeffrey Levinton

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Some Useful References

Carroll, M.L., Highsmith, R.C. 1996. Role of catastrophic disturbance in mediating Nucella-Mytilus interactions in the Alaskan rocky intertidal. Marine Ecology Progress Series 138: 125-133.

Connell, J.H. 1979. Intermediate-disturbance hypothesis. Science 204:1344-1345.

Cronin, T M., Raymo, M E. 1997. Orbital forcing of deep-sea benthic species diversity. Nature 385: 624-627.

Dayton, P.K. 1971. Competition, disturbance and community organization: the provision and subsequent utilization of space in a rocky intertidal community. Ecological Monographs 41:351-389.

Denny, M. 1995. Predicting physical disturbance: Mechanistic approaches to the study of survivorship on wave-swept shores. Ecological Monographs 65:371-418.

Ebeling, A.W., Laur, D.R., Rowley, R.J. 1985. Severe storm disturbances and reversal of community structure in a southern California kelp forest. Marine Biology 84: 287-294

Hall, S.J. 1994. Physical disturbance and marine benthic communities: life in unconsolidated sediments. Oceanography and Marine Biology Annual Reviews 32: 179-239.

Hughes, T.P. 1994. Catastrophes, phase shifts, and large-scale degradation of a Caribbean coral reef. Science 265: 1547-1551.

Knowlton, N. 1992. Thresholds and multiple stable states in coral reef community dynamics. Amer. Zool. 32:673-682.

McCook, L.J., Chapman, A.R.O. 1997. Patterns and variations in natural succession following massive ice-scour of a rocky intertidal seashore. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 214: 121-147.

Petraitis, P.S., Latham, R.E., Niesenbaum, R.A.. 1989. The maintenance ofspecies diversity by disturbance. Quarterly Review of Biology 64: 393-418

Sousa, W.P. 1979. Disturbance in marine intertidal boulder fields: The non-equilibrium maintenance of species diversity. Ecology 60:1225-1239.

Sutherland, J.P. 1974. Multiple stable points in natural populations. American Naturalist 108: 859-873.

J. E. Tanner, T. P. Hughes, J. H. Connell. 1994. Species coexistence, keystone species, and succession: a sensitivity analysis. Ecology 75: 2204-2219.

Underwood, A.J., Skilleter, G.A. 1996. Effects of patch-size on the structure of assemblages in rock pools. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 197:63-90.

Woodin, S.A. 1978. Refuges, disturbance, and community structure: a marinesoft-bottom example. Ecology 59:274-284.