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REF REC START   END  GENS            L          LOCATION                  A          COMMENTS

133  16   253 #     N Marcomanni      G Pannonia RP                         A
                                                                                From Bohemia + Lower A, N of Danube & S
                                                                                Moravia. *{14-5} + {900-528}*

 40  96   253 262   N Visigoths       G AM (Lydia, Phrygia)                 N
                                                                                From Ukrainian ports. The differentiation
                                                                                of Goths in W & E branches occurred about
                                                                                240 AD. The W branch was first called
                                                                                Terwingians, later Visigoths. The E branch
                                                                                first Greuthungi, then Ostrogoths. We call
                                                                                them by their later names
                                                                                as of 240 AD.

 40  95   254 #     N Visigoths       G Saloniki                            A
                                                                                From the lower Danube & Olt Limes. *{900-
                                                                                490}* The differentiation of Goths in W &
                                                                                E branches occurred about 240 AD. The W
                                                                                branch was first called Terwingians, later
                                                                                Visigoths. The E branch first Greuthungi,
                                                                                then Ostrogoths. We call
                                                                                them by their later names as of 240 AD.

  1  12   255 268   N Visigoths       G Coasts: R, BG                       N
                                                                                From Ukrainian ports. The differentiation
                                                                                of Goths in W & E branches occurred about
                                                                                240 AD. The W branch was first called
                                                                                Terwingians, later Visigoths. The E branch
                                                                                first Greuthungi, then Ostrogoths. We call
                                                                                them by their later names
                                                                                as of 240 AD.

234  52   257 #     N Borani          S Pitiunt (modern Picunda or          N
                                        Pitzunda) E shore Black Sea.
                                                                                From Lower Don R region. *{234-51}*
                                                                                Together with Goths.

 11  59   257 276   N Visigoths       G Bosporus, Cilicia                   N
                                                                                From Ukrainian ports.

189   1   258 #     N Franks          G Tarraco (Tarragona, Mediterr.       A
                                        coast of E).
                                                                                Formed by Amsivarii, Bructeri, Chamavi,
                                                                                Chatti, Chattuarii, Usipii, Salii,
                                                                                Tencteri, Tubanti. Not clear which of
                                                                                these were involved, hence where they came
                                                                                from.

190  18   259 261   N Alamanni        G Raetia, W CH, Po RV Noricum,        A
                                        Pannonia, NE Upper I nr Rome.
                                                                                From the area betw Main & Danube RR (Abb
                                                                                1). *{189-8}*

196   2   259 280   A Alamanni        G Raetia RP                           A
                                                                                From area with defined borders: W is Rhine
                                                                                R, S is L Constance, E is Iller & Danube
                                                                                RR. N of Main R, the Rheingau and
                                                                                Wetterau. *{900-1}*

191  14   259 #     N Alamanni        G Borders: W is Rhine R, S is L       E
                                        Constance, E is Iller & Danube RR.
                                        N of Main R, the Rheingau and
                                        Wetterau.
                                                                                From the area betw Main & Danube RR (Abb
                                                                                1). *{189-8}*

900   1   259 305   N Alamanni        G {Borders: W is Rhine R, S is L      L
                                        Constance, E is Iller & Danube RR.
                                        N of Main R, the Rheingau and
                                        Wetterau.} + {Betw Main & Danube
                                        RR (B 1)} *{191-14} + {189-8}*

196   3   259 280   A Euthungi        G Raetia RP                           A
                                                                                From N of Danube betw Regensburg &
                                                                                Guenzburg; E of Regnitz R.; see Abb 69,
                                                                                p.343. *{900-527}*

190  15   259 #     N Romans          I {Agri Decumates (area between       T
                                        Rhine & Danube RR; see Atlas of
                                        the Roman World, map p. 173)} (see
                                        also Abb. 69) *{901-42}*
                                                                                Occupation forces left, but Gallo-Roman
                                                                                population stayed behind. To Falerii,
                                                                                Tarquinii & Caere, C I + Sutrium & Nepet,
                                                                                Etruria + Latium, SW of Rome, (see map 26,
                                                                                Putzger) + Areas of the Aequ Volsci,
                                                                                Sabini, & Hernici. Also Picenum.
                                                                                (shown f.ex. p. 21 of Putzger) + Campagna,
                                                                                Picenum, C & SC I (see map p. 40, Atlas of
                                                                                the Roman World; include yellow areas) +
                                                                                Picenum & Samnium (see map p. 40, Atlas of
                                                                                th Roman World; include yellow areas) +
                                                                                Etruria up to Arnus (Arno)
                                                                                R, Ager Gallicus, & S (see map p. 41,
                                                                                Atlas of the Roman World; include yellow
                                                                                areas) + Sicily, Corsica, Sardinia, Malta
                                                                                (see p. 45, Atlas of the Roman World) + N
                                                                                I up to Alps + Carthago Nova (Cartagena)
                                                                                Guadalquivir RV, Ilipa (Alcala
                                                                                del Rio). Founded Territories + more
                                                                                comment; see long record. *{901-44}*
901  44   259 271   N Romans          I {Falerii, Tarquinii & Caere, C I +  L
                                        Sutrium & Nepet, Etruria + Latium,
                                        SW of Rome + Areas of the Aequ
                                        Volsci, Sabini, & Hernici. Also
                                        Picenum + Campagna, Picenum, C &
                                        SC I + Picenum & Samnium + Etruria
                                        up to Arnus (Arno) R, Ager
                                        Gallicus,
                                        & S I + Sicily, Corsica,                Start date to conform to (190-15); end
                                        Sardinia,Malta + N I up to Alps +       date to conform to (113-15).
                                        Carthago Nova (Cartagena)
                                        Guadalquivir RV, Ilipa (Alcala del
                                        Rio). Founded Territories of
                                        Hispania Citerior (the coastal
                                        strip running from Baria (Vera) to
                                        the Pyrenees, with
                                        an indentation into the L Ebro RV,
                                        & Hispania Ulterior, comprising
                                        the future RP of Baetica + Ebro R
                                        basin in Navarre & Rioja & high R
                                        basins of the Guadiana, Jucar &
                                        Turia RR + RP Asia in AM + Istria
                                        + Macedonia RP, Illyricum + W
                                        Iberia
                                        not incl Asturia & Cantabria + GR
                                        (shortened - see long record)
                                        *{901-41} - {190-15}*

 11  19   260 270   N Alamanni        G I                                   A
                                                                                From area with defined borders: W is Rhine
                                                                                R, S is L Constance, E is Iller & Danube
                                                                                RR. N of Main R, the Rheingau and
                                                                                Wetterau. *{900-1}*

358  14   260 400   A Alamanni        G W across Rhine R to area W of &     W
                                        incl. Strasbourg.
                                                                                From area with defined borders: W is Rhine
                                                                                R, S is L Constance, E is Iller & Danube
                                                                                RR. N of Main R, the Rheingau and
                                                                                Wetterau. *{900-1}*

110  44   260 #     N Roxolani        R Betw Danube & Tisza RR              R
                                                                                From the lower Danube R corner + Bey'd
                                                                                area (E of) Banat to Olt R along Danube.
                                                                                *{900-244}* By Romans.

900 245   260 568   N Roxolani        R {Betw Danube & Tisza RR} *{110-44}* L
                                                                                We do not have a clear termination date in
                                                                                our sources. Use 568 to conform to (900-
                                                                                240) for Sarmatians.

 11 131   267 276   N E. Heruli       G Bosporus, Aegean & Asia Minor.      N
                                                                                From Sea of Azov. *{12-24}*

211   6   267 #     N Visigoths       G Athens                              N
                                                                                From Ukrainian ports. The differentiation
                                                                                of Goths in W & E branches occurred about
                                                                                240 AD. The W branch was first called
                                                                                Terwingians, later Visigoths. The E branch
                                                                                first Greuthungi, then Ostrogoths. We call
                                                                                them by their later names
                                                                                as of 240 AD.

190  19   268 271   N Alamanni        G L Garda, Umbria                     A
                                                                                From area with defined borders: W is Rhine
                                                                                R, S is L Constance, E is Iller & Danube
                                                                                RR. N of Main R, the Rheingau and
                                                                                Wetterau. *{900-1}*

  1  14   268 #     N E. Heruli       G R, BG, GR                           A
                                                                                From Sea of Azov. *{12-24}*

  1  13   268 #     N Visigoths       G R, BG, GR, Naissus (Nis, YU)        A
                                                                                From the lower Danube & Olt Limes. *{900-
                                                                                490}* The differentiation of Goths in W &
                                                                                E branches occurred about 240 AD. The W
                                                                                branch was first called Terwingians, later
                                                                                Visigoths. The E branch first Greuthungi,
                                                                                then Ostrogoths. We call
                                                                                them by their later names as of 240 AD.

120   3   270 600   A Dacians         P Dacia RP (consider all of modern    I
                                        ROM)
                                                                                To form Daco-Romans.

191   2   270 #     N Euthungi        G I (Adriatic coast, Pavia)           A
                                                                                From N of Danube betw Regensburg &
                                                                                Guenzburg; E of Regnitz R.; see Abb 69,
                                                                                p.343. *{900-527}* Boasted of 40K
                                                                                horsemen, 80K foot soldiers.

 40  98   271 #     N Alans           R Thracia RP                          A
                                                                                From Lower Volga R betw Caucasus & Sea of
                                                                                Azov, & in Pontic Steppes (N of Black
                                                                                Sea). *{900-10}*

901  51   271 #     N Daco-Romans     I Serbia & Macedonia                  Q
                                                                                From Dacia RP. Inferred by exodus of Roman
                                                                                army & colonists, necessary to permit (114-
                                                                                11) and (114-33).

901  54   271 #     N Daco-Romans     I Area of Greater BG empire (W BG, E  Q
                                        Serbia & E Macedonia)
                                                                                From Dacia RP. Inferred by exodus of Roman
                                                                                army & colonists, necessary to permit (901-
                                                                                56).

901  52   271 500   A Daco-Romans     I Macedonia                           L
                                                                                For consistency with (901-51) and (114-11).

901  53   271 600   A Daco-Romans     I Serbia                              L
                                                                                Dates for consistency with (901-51) and
                                                                                (114-33).

901  55   271 1000  A Daco-Romans     I Dacia RP                            L
                                                                                Descendants of romanized Dacians.
                                                                                Uncertainty over their fate. Some sources
                                                                                say they left ROM plains and stayed in
                                                                                Carpathians for several centuries before
                                                                                returning to plains. Other sources state
                                                                                that they crossed Danube S to BG but
                                                                                returned later. They are attested in BG at
                                                                                1184 AD and in ROM by 13 c AD. We take a
                                                                                compromise position, leaving some in ROM
                                                                                and moving others to BG. End date
                                                                                arbitrary; designated Vlachs thereafter.
                                                                                (Source: Encyclopaedia Brittanica.)

901  56   271 1100  A Daco-Romans     I {Area of Greater BG empire (W BG,   L
                                        E Serbia & E Macedonia)} *{901-54}*
                                                                                Start date to conform to (901-54); end
                                                                                date to conform to (114-8). Known as
                                                                                Vlachs from around 1000 AD on. See also
                                                                                comment to (901-55).

113  15   271 #     N Romans          I Dacia RP (= (113-14))               T
                                                                                Roman legions left, but Daco-Roman
                                                                                population remained. To Falerii, Tarquinii
                                                                                & Caere, C I + Sutrium & Nepet, Etruria +
                                                                                Latium, SW of Rome, (see map 26, Putzger)
                                                                                + Areas of the Aequ Volsci, Sabini, &
                                                                                Hernici. Also Picenum. (shown f.ex.
                                                                                p. 21 of Putzger) + Campagna, Picenum, C &
                                                                                SC I (see map p. 40, Atlas of the Roman
                                                                                World; include yellow areas) + Picenum &
                                                                                Samnium (see map p. 40, Atlas of th Roman
                                                                                World; include yellow areas) + Etruria up
                                                                                to Arnus (Arno) R, Ager Gallicus,
                                                                                & S (see map p. 41, Atlas of the Roman
                                                                                World; include yellow areas) + Sicily,
                                                                                Corsica, Sardinia, Malta (see p. 45, Atlas
                                                                                of the Roman World) + N I up to Alps +
                                                                                Carthago Nova (Cartagena) Guadalquivir RV,
                                                                                Ilipa (Alcala del Rio). Founded
                                                                                Territories + more comment; see long
                                                                                records list. *{901-45}*
901  45   271 383   N Romans          I {Falerii, Tarquinii & Caere, C I +  L
                                        Sutrium & Nepet, Etruria + Latium,
                                        SW of Rome + Areas of the Aequ
                                        Volsci, Sabini, & Hernici. Also
                                        Picenum + Campagna, Picenum, C &
                                        SC I + Picenum & Samnium + Etruria
                                        up to Arnus (Arno) R, Ager
                                        Gallicus,
                                        & S I + Sicily, Corsica,                Start date to conform to (113-15); end
                                        Sardinia,Malta + N I up to Alps +       date to conform to (901-46).
                                        Carthago Nova (Cartagena)
                                        Guadalquivir RV, Ilipa (Alcala del
                                        Rio). Founded Territories of
                                        Hispania Citerior (the coastal
                                        strip running from Baria (Vera) to
                                        the Pyrenees, with
                                        an indentation into the L Ebro RV,
                                        & Hispania Ulterior, comprising
                                        the future RP of Baetica + Ebro R
                                        basin in Navarre & Rioja & high R
                                        basins of the Guadiana, Jucar &
                                        Turia RR + RP Asia in AM + Istria
                                        + Macedonia RP, Illyricum + W
                                        Iberia
                                        -(Asturia & Cantabria) + GR + S
                                        coast of Thrace (shortened -
                                        see long record) *{901-44} - {113-14}*

 11  60   271 #     N Visigoths       G Dacia                               E
                                                                                From the Lower Danube & Olt Limes. *{900-
                                                                                490}*

900 491   271 376   N Visigoths       G {Lower Danube & Olt Limes} +        L
                                        {Dacia} *{900-490} + {11-60}*
                                                                                For consistency with (11-60) & (144-1).

190  21   275 276   N Alamanni        G Rhein-Mosel RR area (Trier)         A
                                                                                From area with defined borders: W is Rhine
                                                                                R, S is L Constance, E is Iller & Danube
                                                                                RR. N of Main R, the Rheingau and
                                                                                Wetterau. *{900-1}*

190  20   275 276   N Franks          G Rhein-Mosel RR area (Trier)         A
                                                                                Formed by Amsivarii, Bructeri, Chamavi,
                                                                                Chatti, Chattuarii, Usipii, Salii,
                                                                                Tencteri, Tubanti. Not clear which of
                                                                                these were involved, hence where they came
                                                                                from.

193   1   275 #     N Franks          G Along highway Cologne-Tongeren (B)- A
                                        Bavay (nr Maubeuge, F).
                                                                                Formed by Amsivarii, Bructeri, Chamavi,
                                                                                Chatti, Chattuarii, Usipii, Salii,
                                                                                Tencteri, Tubanti. Not clear which of
                                                                                these were involved, hence where they came
                                                                                from.

140  12   275 #     A Irish           K SW Wales (Dyfed)                    Q
                                                                                From SE Ireland. Known as Desi.

 12 182   275 358   A Salii           G Batavia Isl. Island defined by      L
                                        branch of Waal R which in Roman
                                        times was located nr Cleve. N.
                                        border by crooked Old Rhine, S
                                        border by Waal R and then after
                                        its junction with the Maas, nr
                                        Workum and Gorkum (Gorinchem), the
                                        continuation
                                        of the two streams, known as the        For consistency with (2-3) and (2-10).
                                        Merwede, from Dordrecht up to the
                                        Old Maas R, & then up to its mouth
                                        below Brielle. Some of the
                                        Batavians also lived S beyond Waal
                                        R.

 40 102   276 #     N Bastarnae       G Thracia RP                          R
                                                                                From the Pontus=(N shore of Black Sea) (nr
                                                                                Olbia [Modern Nikolayev, SU nr mouth of
                                                                                Dnepr R.].) + N & C Moldavia + Dobrugea.
                                                                                *{900-195}* (This is their older
                                                                                settlements along lower Danube) Displaced
                                                                                by Getae. 100K moved (people?). Stayed
                                                                                there.

900 549   277 #     N Silingi         G {Upper Main R} *{11-88}*            Q
                                                                                For consistency with (11-88). From Silesia
                                                                                (largest part; see (6-3)). *{900-546}*

 11  88   277 405   N Silingi         G Upper Main R                        L

192   2   278 #     N Burgundians     G Raetia RP(Lech R nr Augsburg)       A
                                                                                From W. Limit Flaeming Region & Mulde R
                                                                                with Duebener Heide, S: Lausitz & Sudeten
                                                                                Mts, E: Bobr R, N: Warta Lowlands &
                                                                                forested slopes of Mecklenburg Hills, also
                                                                                Schorfheide and S Uckermark. (See map 6/8,
                                                                                Westermanns Hausatlas.) *{192-1}*

190  22   279 281   N Alamanni        G Rhone R area                        A
                                                                                From area with defined borders: W is Rhine
                                                                                R, S is L Constance, E is Iller & Danube
                                                                                RR. N of Main R, the Rheingau and
                                                                                Wetterau. *{900-1}*

193   4   280 290   A Franks          G Trier (D), Amiens, Beauvais,        R
                                        Troyes & Langres (all in F).
                                                                                By Romans. Formed by Amsivarii, Bructeri,
                                                                                Chamavi, Chatti, Chattuarii, Usipii,
                                                                                Salii, Tencteri, Tubanti. Not clear which
                                                                                of these were involved, hence where they
                                                                                came from.

133  17   282 #     N Quadi           G Pannonia RP                         A
                                                                                From Lower A N of Danube, S Moravia & SW
                                                                                Slovakia. + Upper Gran & Eipel RR (Hron &
                                                                                Ipel RR) CSSR. *{900-530}*

 40 103   284 305   N Carpi           P Moesia & Pannonia RPP               R
                                                                                From E Carpathian Mts. *{900-288}*

 40 104   284 305   N Persians        R Thracia RP                          R
                                                                                Prisoners from Emperor Diocletian's
                                                                                Persian campaign.

  2   3   284 #     N Salii           G Channel Coast (F & B)               A
                                                                                From Batavia Isl. Island defined by branch
                                                                                of Waal R which in Roman times was located
                                                                                nr Cleve. N border by crooked Old Rhine, S
                                                                                border by Waal R and then after its
                                                                                junction with the Maas, nr Workum and
                                                                                Gorkum (Gorinchem), the continuation
                                                                                of the two streams, known as the Merwede,
                                                                                from Dordrecht up to the Old Maas R, &
                                                                                then up to its mouth below Brielle. Some
                                                                                of the Batavians also lived S beyond Waal
                                                                                R. *{12-182}* These are Salian Franks.
                                                                                Acc/to (12-204) these are not the
                                                                                Salii who descended from the Chamavi.

194   7   285 460   A Saxons          G Coast betw Seine & Loire RR also    N
                                        further N (see Abb 117) & E coast
                                        of GB (see Abb 116).
                                                                                From Holstein, also on 3 islands at mouth
                                                                                of Elbe R. + Lower Saxony, W Mecklenburg,
                                                                                & other areas (area shown in Abb 1 less
                                                                                Holstein, also on 3 islands at mouth of
                                                                                Elbe R). *{900-605}*

 12  33   286 #     N W. Heruli       G Gaul (coasts)                       N
                                                                                From Lower Rhine R (NL). *{12-32}*

180  15   291 #     N Franks          G S Brabant, Hainaut,Ardennes Mts,    R
                                        Moselle RV.
                                                                                By Romans. Formed by Amsivarii, Bructeri,
                                                                                Chamavi, Chatti, Chattuarii, Usipii,
                                                                                Salii, Tencteri, Tubanti. Not clear which
                                                                                of these were involved, hence where they
                                                                                came from.

362   9   294 #     N Franks          G Saone & Doubs RR area NE to around  Q
                                        Gray, F.
                                                                                Formed by Amsivarii, Bructeri, Chamavi,
                                                                                Chatti, Chattuarii, Usipii, Salii,
                                                                                Tencteri, Tubanti. Not clear which of
                                                                                these were involved, hence where they came
                                                                                from.

900  42   300 568   A Acarag-Antes    R Middle Danube R                     L
                                                                                Acc/to (32-12). Alanic tribe, masters over
                                                                                the Limig-Antes.

 12 118   300 350   N Angrivarii      G Muensterland                        I
                                                                                Among the Saxons. (Note by RRS:
                                                                                Assimilated over all the area W of Weser R
                                                                                betw Wiehen & Egge Mts in area called
                                                                                Engern; also in Muensterland in Gau
                                                                                Angeron. This is the area described by
                                                                                (187-16).)

900  45   300 550   A Antes           S Lower Bug R (the one emptying into  L
                                        Black Sea). + From Desna R mouth &
                                        upper Donets R to upper Sluc &
                                        Goryn RR (near Rovno) & middle
                                        Dnestr R centered on middle Dnepr
                                        R. + W bank Dnestr R.
                                                                                Start date acc/to (32-14). End date to
                                                                                conform to (32-25).

391  15   300 400   N CarpathianKurha U Carpathian Mtn area, R, see map     L
                                        22a (17); "Archeologicky Atlas
                                        Evropy A Ceskoslovenska."
                                                                                Full name: "Carpathian Kurhanu." Culture.

391  13   300 400   N Debczynsk       U Oder R area, NE DDR, NW PL, see     L
                                        see map 22a (15); "Archeologicky
                                        Atlas Evropy A Ceskoslovenska."
                                                                                Culture.

363   8   300 400   A Galindians      B NE PL betw Pasteka & Nemunas RR &   L
                                        N of Pisa R; and area W of Moscow,
                                        along Protva R betw where Protva &
                                        Moskva RR meet & Aleksin & Kaluga,
                                        W SU.
                                                                                Note to digitizers: If this is within the
                                                                                area of (210-10), then this record can be
                                                                                deleted. If not then retain with no
                                                                                overlap and set date from 300 to 400.
                                                                                *(Note from CK: No overlap; original dates
                                                                                * *of 350, # now set to 300, 400.)
                                                                                *

179  22   300 700   A Germanics       G D, (W of Elbe R)                    Q
                                                                                From D, E of Elbe R. Under pressure of
                                                                                Huns & Avars. See also (199-1).

  8   1   300 370   A Huns            M Lower Don R                         C
                                                                                From S Russian steppes. *{169-46}*
                                                                                Defeated the Alans.

900 359   300 370   A Huns            M {S Russian steppes} + {Lower Don    L
                                        R} *{169-46} + {8-1}*
                                                                                For consistency with (8-1).

140  13   300 #     N Irish           K NW Wales (Gwynned)                  A
                                                                                From C Ireland. Known as Feni.

900 804   300 600   A Jews            E Bosporus (For detailed locations    E
                                        see map p. 30 in Atlas of Jewish
                                        World.)
                                                                                From AM. Dates inferred from de Lange:
                                                                                Atlas of the Jewish World p. 30.

900 817   300 600   A Jews            E E & SE Spain (For detailed          E
                                        locations see map p. 30 in Atlas
                                        of Jewish World.)
                                                                                From Tarraco (E) + Emerita, Augusta,
                                                                                Corduba in RPP of Spain *{900-816}* Dates
                                                                                inferred from de Lange: Atlas of the
                                                                                Jewish World p. 30.

900 845   300 600   A Jews            E {Tuscany, C & S I, Sicily} -        E
                                        [INTERSECTION OF {Po RV, C & S I,
                                        E Sicily} AND {Tuscany, C & S I,
                                        Sicily}] *{900-843} - INTERSECTION
                                        OF * *{900-841} AND {900-843} *
                                        (For detailed locations see maps
                                        pp. 30, 29 in Atlas of Jewish
                                        World.)
                                                                                From INTERSECTION OF {Po RV, C & S I, E
                                                                                Sicily} AND {Tuscany, C & S I, Sicily} *
                                                                                INTERSECTION OF {900-841} AND {900-843} *
                                                                                Dates inferred from de Lange: Atlas of the
                                                                                Jewish World p. 30.

900 888   300 600   A Jews            E Rhine & Moselle RVV - {Augusta      E
                                        Treverorum (Trier) (900-887)} (For
                                        detailed locations see maps pp.
                                        30, 29 in Atlas of Jewish World.)
                                                                                From Augusta Treverorum (Trier) (For
                                                                                detailed locations see map p. 29 in Atlas
                                                                                of Jewish World). *{900-887}* Dates
                                                                                inferred from de Lange: Atlas of the
                                                                                Jewish World p. 30.

900 870   300 600   A Jews            E Rhone RV (For detailed locations    S
                                        see map p. 30 in Atlas of Jewish
                                        World.)
                                                                                From I. Dates inferred from de Lange:
                                                                                Atlas of the Jewish World p. 30.

900 871   300 600   A Jews            E Loire RV (For detailed locations    S
                                        see map p. 30 in Atlas of Jewish
                                        World.)
                                                                                From I. Dates inferred from de Lange:
                                                                                Atlas of the Jewish World p. 30.

900 803   300 600   A Jews            E C & E AM (For detailed locations    T
                                        see map p. 30 in Atlas of Jewish
                                        World.)
                                                                                To NW, W, and S AM. Dates inferred from de
                                                                                Lange: Atlas of the Jewish World p. 30.

900 827   300 600   A Jews            E C GR, C Macedonia & C Thrace (For   T
                                        detailed locations see map p. 30
                                        in Atlas of Jewish World.)
                                                                                To E GR & Macedonia including Crete. Dates
                                                                                inferred from de Lange: Atlas of the
                                                                                Jewish World p. 30.

900 844   300 600   A Jews            E {Po RV, C & S I, E Sicily} -        T
                                        [INTERSECTION OF {Po RV, C & S I,
                                        E Sicily} AND {Tuscany, C & S I,
                                        Sicily}] *{900-841} - INTERSECTION
                                        OF * *{900-841} AND {900-843} *
                                        (For detailed locations see maps
                                        pp. 29, 30 in Atlas of Jewish
                                        World.)
                                                                                To INTERSECTION OF {Po RV, C & S I, E
                                                                                Sicily} AND {Tuscany, C & S I, Sicily} *
                                                                                INTERSECTION OF {900-841} AND {900-843} *
                                                                                Dates inferred from de Lange: Atlas of the
                                                                                Jewish World p. 30.

900 805   300 900   A Jews            E {AM} - {C & E AM} + {Bosporus}      L
                                        *{900-802} - {900-803}* * + {900-
                                        804}* (For detailed locations see
                                        maps pp. 29, 30 in Atlas of Jewish
                                        World.)
                                                                                For consistency with (900-803), (900-804),
                                                                                and (900-806).

900 818   300 711   A Jews            E {Tarraco (E)} + {Emerita Augusta,   L
                                        Corduba in RPP of Spain} + {E & SE
                                        Spain} *{900-816} + {900-817}*
                                        (For detailed locations see maps
                                        pp. 25, 29 and 30 in Atlas of
                                        Jewish World.)
                                                                                For consistency with (900-816) and (900-
                                                                                817). End date conquest of Spain by Arabs.

900 828   300 900   A Jews            E {GR including Crete - W GR, W       L
                                        Macedonia & E Thrace} - {C GR, C
                                        Macedonia & C Thrace} *{900-826} -
                                        {900-827} * (For detailed
                                        locations see maps pp. 25, 29, 30
                                        in Atlas of Jewish World.)
                                                                                For consistency with (900-826), (900-827)
                                                                                and (900-829).

900 843   300 600   A Jews            E Tuscany, C & S I, Sicily, S         L
                                        Sardinia (For detailed locations
                                        see map p. 30 in Atlas of Jewish
                                        World.)
                                                                                For consistency with (900-842), (900-844)
                                                                                and (900-845).

900 872   300 900   A Jews            E {Rhone RV} + {Loire RV} *{900-870}  L
                                        + {900-871}* (For detailed
                                        locations see map p. 30 in Atlas
                                        of Jewish World.)
                                                                                For consistency with (900-870), (900-871)
                                                                                and (900-873).

900 889   300 600   A Jews            E {Augusta Treverorum (Trier)} +      L
                                        {Rhine & Moselle RVV - Augusta
                                        Treverorum (Trier)} *{900-887} +
                                        {900-888}* (For detailed locations
                                        see maps pp. 29, 30 in Atlas of
                                        Jewish World.)
                                                                                For consistency with (900-888) and (900-
                                                                                890).

 13  59   300 600   A Krivice         S Upper Niemen R & area between W     L
                                        Bug R & Vistula R along border
                                        between Poland & Byelorussia.

900 204   300 568   N Limig-Antes     S Middle Danube R                     L
                                                                                Acc/to (32-13). Subjected to Acarag-Antes,
                                                                                later to Lombards.

391   3   300 400   N Moscin          U Upper Oka R & Moscow area, SU, see  L
                                        map 22a (5); "Archeologicky Atlas
                                        Evropy A Ceskoslovenska."
                                                                                A "group," not a "culture."

 27 179   300 400   A Picts           U Ulster (N Ireland)                  Q
                                                                                From Scotland. *{44-20}*

 13  36   300 500   A Presov Type     S Tisza R Area                        M
                                                                                From W Ukraine. Probably early Slavic
                                                                                Culture.

900 239   300 #     A Sarmatians      R Alfoeld (between Danube & Tisza     E
                                        RR.)
                                                                                From ROM. For consistency with (173-30)
                                                                                and (900-240).

900 241   300 #     N Sarmatians      R {S & E SU & E R, betw Siret and     T
                                        Urals, see map 20a (19);
                                        'Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
                                        Ceskoslovenska'. (See areas {900-
                                        237} + {900-238}.)} - {S SU, see
                                        map 22a (4); 'Archeologicky Atlas
                                        Evropy A Ceskoslovenska'. (Same as
                                        {389-18}, but
                                        contracted from N of the Psol R.)}      For consistency with (391-2). To S SU, see
                                        *{389-18} - {391-2}*                    map 22a (4); 'Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
                                                                                Ceskoslovenska.' (Same as (389-18), but
                                                                                contracted from N of the Psol R.) *{391-2}*

391   2   300 500   N Sarmatians      R S SU, see map 22a (4);              L
                                        'Archeologicky Atlas Evropy A
                                        Ceskoslovenska'. (Same as {389-
                                        18}, but contracted from N of the
                                        Psol R.)
                                                                                Changed upper date to 500 from 400 to
                                                                                correspond with (139-17). Not clear how
                                                                                they disappeared. Probably by assimilation.

900 240   300 568   A Sarmatians      R {Alfoeld (between Danube & Tisza    L
                                        RR.)} *{900-239}*
                                                                                Start date acc/to (173-30). Location
                                                                                indicated by (1-39). End date acc/to (133-
                                                                                43).

194   1   300 400   N Saxons          G Area betw Rhine, Berkel & Ijssel    S
                                        RR in SE NL.
                                                                                Date corroborated by H. Doebler, Die
                                                                                Germanen. From Holstein, also on 3 islands
                                                                                at mouth of Elbe R. + Lower Saxony, W
                                                                                Mecklenburg, & other areas (area shown in
                                                                                Abb 1 less Holstein, also on 3 islands at
                                                                                mouth of Elbe R). *{900-605}*

900 609   300 1000  A Saxons          G {Area betw Rhine, Berkel & Ijssel   L
                                        RR in SE NL.} *{194-1}*
                                                                                For consistency with (194-1) & (166-20),
                                                                                (194-9). End date time after Frankish
                                                                                conquest during formation of German nation.

 11 153   300 500   A Scoti           K Cornwall, S. & N. Wales             Q
                                                                                From Ireland. End date is guess.

900 618   300 #     A Svear           G Additional areas of C S, adjacent   E
                                        part of N S.
                                                                                From shores & islands of L Maelar (C S).
                                                                                *{900-617}* Date is a guess for
                                                                                consistency with (30-5). Record also
                                                                                mentions possible expansion to W SF.

900 619   300 800   A Svear           G {Shores & islands of L Maelar (C    L
                                        S).} + {Additional areas of C S,
                                        adjacent part of N S.} *{900-617}
                                        + {900-618}*
                                                                                Start date for consistency with (900-618).
                                                                                End date is end of Vendel period (ref 30).

362   2   305 #     N Alamanni        G Meuse R area, just W of Mosel R,    C
                                        around Foug, E F.
                                                                                From area with defined borders: W is Rhine
                                                                                R, S is L Constance, E is Iller & Danube
                                                                                RR. N of Main R, the Rheingau and
                                                                                Wetterau. *{900-2}*

900   3   305 356   N Alamanni        G {Meuse R area, just W of Mosel R,   L
                                        around Foug, E F.} + {Borders: W
                                        is Rhine R, S is L Constance, E is
                                        Iller & Danube RR. N of Main R,
                                        the Rheingau and Wetterau.} *{362-
                                        2} + {900-2}*
                                                                                For consistency with (362-2) and (900-2).

901  92   305 #     N N. Africans     O Pannonia RP                         Q
                                                                                From N. Africa. Roman legion. Acc/to (110-
                                                                                56).

 40 105   323 #     N Visigoths       G Thracia & Moesia inf RP The newly   A
                                        reorganized (284-305) Diocese
                                        Thracia. See ref 40, fig 22.
                                                                                From the lower Danube & Olt Limes + Dacia.
                                                                                *(900-491)* The differentiation of Goths
                                                                                in W & E branches occurred about 240 AD.
                                                                                The W branch was first called Terwingians,
                                                                                later Visigoths. The E branch first
                                                                                Greuthungi, then Ostrogoths.
                                                                                We call them by their later names as of
                                                                                240 AD.

 40 106   324 337   N Sarmatians      R Scythia & Moesia II These are       R
                                        newly (284-305) reorganized RP
                                        within the Diocese Thracia. See
                                        ref 40, fig 22 for location.
                                                                                From S SU, see map 22a (4); 'Archeologicky
                                                                                Atlas Evropy A Ceskoslovenska'. (Same as
                                                                                {389-18}, but contracted from N of the
                                                                                Psol R.). *{391-2}*

110  59   332 #     N Sarmatians      R Pannonia RP                         A
                                                                                From S SU, see map 22a (4); 'Archeologicky
                                                                                Atlas Evropy A Ceskoslovenska'. (Same as
                                                                                {389-18}, but contracted from N of the
                                                                                Psol R.). *{391-2}*

110  62   332 #     N Sarmatians      R I; Balkans                          R
                                                                                From Pannonia H Plain. Acc/to possibly
                                                                                exaggerated sources, 300K, resettled.

 12  10   332 #     N Taifali         G Greater Phrygia                     R
                                                                                From Dacia area of Banat & Lesser
                                                                                Valachia. *{12-9}* Romans resettled part
                                                                                of vanquished Taifali.

 40 108   337 #     N Persians        R Thracia & Moesia inf RP The newly   R
                                        reorganized (284-305) Diocese
                                        Thracia. See ref 40, fig 22.
                                                                                Prisoners from Adiabene (NW Persia).

110  63   340 #     N Gepidae         G Maros, Tisza & Koerces RR           E
                                        (Alfoeld, H).
                                                                                From North Dacia in wooded & mountainous
                                                                                areas, neighbors of W. Goths. (W corner of
                                                                                Ukraine, betw Uzgorod & Chust.) *{12-2}*

900 565   340 454   A Gepidae         G {North Dacia in wooded &            L
                                        mountainous areas, neighbors of W.
                                        Goths. (W corner of Ukraine, betw
                                        Uzgorod & Chust.)} + {Maros, Tisza
                                        & Koerces RR (Alfoeld, H).} *{12-
                                        2} + {110-63}*
                                                                                For consistency with (110-63). End date
                                                                                acc/to (12-4).

  2   5   341 #     N Franks          G Parts of Gaul                       A
                                                                                Formed by Amsivarii, Bructeri, Chamavi,
                                                                                Chatti, Chattuarii, Usipii, Salii,
                                                                                Tencteri, Tubanti. Not clear which of
                                                                                these were involved, hence where they came
                                                                                from.

  2   6   350 #     N Franks          G Cologne                             A
                                                                                Formed by Amsivarii, Bructeri, Chamavi,
                                                                                Chatti, Chattuarii, Usipii, Salii,
                                                                                Tencteri, Tubanti. Not clear which of
                                                                                these were involved, hence where they came
                                                                                from.

 13  25   350 450   A Germanics       G Along E sea from Ruegen past the    L
                                        mouths of the Oder & Vistula RR up
                                        to the Passarge R, then up the
                                        Oder & Vistula into Greater Poland
                                        up to the Kujavia (Kujawy) area at
                                        Wapno.
                                                                                Possibly Gepids.

 12  90   350 475   A Jutes           G Dutch coast                         Q
                                                                                From area in Jutland N of Barvithsysael
                                                                                district. *{12-87}*

900 589   350 600   A Jutes           G {Dutch coast} *{12-90}*             L
                                                                                Start date acc/to (12-90). End date
                                                                                approximate, absorbed by Franks (acc/to
                                                                                ref 12).

208   2   350 #     A Norwegians      G N up to Senja Is. (N N)             E
                                                                                From S Vestland (mostly Jaeren &
                                                                                Sunnhordland), largely betw 58 & 60 deg N.
                                                                                Large numbers.

900 632   350 800   A Norwegians      G {S N (S of 60 deg N)} + N up to     L
                                        Senja Is. (N N)} *{900-631} + {208-
                                        2}*
                                                                                For consistency with (208-2) & (208-5).

 12  17   350 #     A Rugii           G Upper Theiss R (Tisza R)            M
                                                                                From Posterior Pomerania. *{12-16}*

900 595   350 454   A Rugii           G {Upper Theiss R (Tisza R)} *{12-    L
                                        17}*
                                                                                For consistency with (12-17) & (1-36).

 11 154   350 450   A Scoti           K W coast of Scotland                 Q
                                                                                From Ireland. Pirates at first.

900 955   350 800   A Scoti           K {W coast of Scotland} *{11-154}*    L
                                                                                For consistency with (11-154) & (27-185).

191   3   351 #     N Alamanni        G Rhine R area                        A
                                                                                35K warriors. From Meuse R area, just W of
                                                                                Mosel R, around Foug, E F.+ Borders: W is
                                                                                Rhine R, S is L Constance, E is Iller &
                                                                                Danube RR. N of Main R, the Rheingau and
                                                                                Wetterau. *{900-3}*

362   1   356 #     N Alamanni        G Dieuze, betw Rhine & Mosel RR, nr   C
                                        Seille R, Moselle Region, E F.
                                                                                From Meuse R area, just W of Mosel R,
                                                                                around Foug, E F. + Borders: W is Rhine R,
                                                                                S is L Constance, E is Iller & Danube RR.
                                                                                N of Main R, the Rheingau and Wetterau.
                                                                                *{900-3}*

362   4   356 #     N Alamanni        G Troyes, on Seine R, F               C
                                                                                From Meuse R area, just W of Mosel R,
                                                                                around Foug, E F. + Borders: W is Rhine R,
                                                                                S is L Constance, E is Iller & Danube RR.
                                                                                N of Main R, the Rheingau and Wetterau.
                                                                                *{900-3}*

362   5   356 #     N Alamanni        G Auxerre, E F                        C
                                                                                From Meuse R area, just W of Mosel R,
                                                                                around Foug, E F. + Borders: W is Rhine R,
                                                                                S is L Constance, E is Iller & Danube RR.
                                                                                N of Main R, the Rheingau and Wetterau.
                                                                                *{900-3}*

362   6   356 #     N Alamanni        G Autun, E F                          C
                                                                                From Meuse R area, just W of Mosel R,
                                                                                around Foug, E F. + Borders: W is Rhine R,
                                                                                S is L Constance, E is Iller & Danube RR.
                                                                                N of Main R, the Rheingau and Wetterau.
                                                                                *{900-3}*

900   4   356 365   N Alamanni        G {Meuse R area, just W of Mosel R,   L
                                        around Foug, E F. + Borders: W is
                                        Rhine R, S is L Constance, E is
                                        Iller & Danube RR. N of Main R,
                                        the Rheingau and Wetterau.} +
                                        {Dieuze, betw Rhine & Mosel RR, nr
                                        Seille R, Moselle Region, E F.} +
                                        {Troyes,
                                        on Seine R, F.} + {Auxerre, E F.}
                                        + {Autun, E F.} *{900-3} + {362-1}
                                        + {362-4}* * + {362-5} + {362-6}*

110  61   356 #     N Quadi           G Pannonia RP & Upper Moesia RP       A
                                                                                From Lower A N of Danube, S Moravia & SW
                                                                                Slovakia. + Upper Gran & Eipel RR (Hron &
                                                                                Ipel RR) CSSR. *{900-530}*

110  60   356 #     N Sarmatians      R Pannonia RP & Upper Moesia RP       A
                                                                                From S SU, see map 22a (4); 'Archeologicky
                                                                                Atlas Evropy A Ceskoslovenska'. (Same as
                                                                                {389-18}, but contracted from N of the
                                                                                Psol R.) *{391-2}*

 12 167   357 370   N Alamanni        G I                                   R
                                                                                Numerous Alamanni prisoners resettled in
                                                                                I. From Meuse R area, just W of Mosel R,
                                                                                around Foug, E F. + Borders: W is Rhine R,
                                                                                S is L Constance, E is Iller & Danube RR.
                                                                                N of Main R, the Rheingau and Wetterau. +
                                                                                + Dieuze, betw Rhine & Mosel
                                                                                RR, nr Seille R, Moselle Region, E F. +
                                                                                Troyes, on Seine R, F. + Auxerre, E F. +
                                                                                Autun, E F. *{900-4}*

191   4   357 #     N Euthungi        G Raetia RP                           A
                                                                                From N of Danube betw Regensburg &
                                                                                Guenzburg; E of Regnitz R. *{191-10}*

  2  10   358 #     N Salii           G Toxandria Toxandria = Teisterbant   M
                                        area (in Dutch). It is the
                                        drainage area of the Drommel R in
                                        N Brabant, extending E to the Peel
                                        Swamps, W to inlet of Schelde R.
                                                                                Pushed back there by Emperor Julian, from
                                                                                Batavia Isl. Island defined by branch of
                                                                                Waal R which in Roman times was located nr
                                                                                Cleve. N border by crooked Old Rhine, S
                                                                                border by Waal R and then after its
                                                                                junction with the Maas, nr Workum
                                                                                and Gorkum (Gorinchem), the continuation
                                                                                of the two streams, known as the Merwede,
                                                                                from Dordrecht up to the Old Maas R, &
                                                                                then up to its mouth below Brielle. Some
                                                                                of the Batavians also lived S beyond Waal
                                                                                R. *{12-182}*

900 574   358 406   N Salii           G {Toxandria Toxandria = Teisterbant  L
                                        area (in Dutch). It is the
                                        drainage area of the Drommel R in
                                        N Brabant, extending E to the Peel
                                        Swamps, W to inlet of Schelde R.}
                                        *{2-10}*
                                                                                For consistency with (2-10) & (2-11). End
                                                                                date acc/to Doebler: Die Germanen p.242.

362   8   360 #     N Franks          G Saone & Marne RR area NE of Dijon,  Q
                                        F.
                                                                                Formed by Amsivarii, Bructeri, Chamavi,
                                                                                Chatti, Chattuarii, Usipii, Salii,
                                                                                Tencteri, Tubanti. Not clear which of
                                                                                these were involved, hence where they came
                                                                                from.

 12  34   360 #     N W. Heruli       G Britain (S of Hadrian's wall)       A
                                                                                From Lower Rhine R (NL). *{12-32}* As part
                                                                                of the Roman army.

234  54   362 #     N Ostrogoths      G Kingdom of the Bosporus (Cherson,   C
                                        Panticapaeum). This is not the
                                        Bosporus at Constantinople but
                                        that closing off Sea of Azov.
                                                                                From NW of Black Sea State between
                                                                                Carpathians, Don R, Vistula R, Sea of
                                                                                Azov, centered on lower Dnepr R. See
                                                                                reference 1 for exact border between
                                                                                Terwingians (W. Goths) and Greuthungi (E.
                                                                                Goths). *{1-24}*

900 492   362 376   N Ostrogoths      G {Kingdom of the Bosporus (Cherson,  L
                                        Panticapaeum). This is not the
                                        Bosporus at Constantinople but
                                        that closing off Sea of Azov.} +
                                        {NW of Black Sea State between
                                        Carpathians, Don R, Vistula R, Sea
                                        of Azov, centered on lower Dnepr
                                        R. See
                                        reference 1 for exact border            For consistency with (1-24) & (8-4).
                                        between Terwingians (W. Goths) and
                                        Greuthungi (E. Goths).} *{234-54}
                                        + {1-24}*

191   5   365 368   N Alamanni        G W Rhine area, Mainz                 A
                                                                                From Meuse R area, just W of Mosel R,
                                                                                around Foug, E F. + Borders: W is Rhine R,
                                                                                S is L Constance, E is Iller & Danube RR.
                                                                                N of Main R, the Rheingau and Wetterau. +
                                                                                + Dieuze, betw Rhine & Mosel RR, nr Seille
                                                                                R, Moselle Region, E F. +
                                                                                Troyes, on Seine R, F. + Auxerre, E F. +
                                                                                Autun, E F. *{900-4}*

362   3   365 #     N Alamanni        G Marne R area of Champagne Region,   C
                                        F.
                                                                                From Meuse R area, just W of Mosel R,
                                                                                around Foug, E F. + Borders: W is Rhine R,
                                                                                S is L Constance, E is Iller & Danube RR.
                                                                                N of Main R, the Rheingau and Wetterau. +
                                                                                + Dieuze, betw Rhine & Mosel RR, nr Seille
                                                                                R, Moselle Region, E F. +
                                                                                Troyes, on Seine R, F. + Auxerre, E F. +
                                                                                Autun, E F. *{900-4}*

900   5   365 400   N Alamanni        G {Meuse R area, just W of Mosel R,   L
                                        around Foug, E F. + Borders: W is
                                        Rhine R, S is L Constance, E is
                                        Iller & Danube RR. N of Main R,
                                        the Rheingau and Wetterau. +
                                        Dieuze, betw Rhine & Mosel RR, nr
                                        Seille R, Moselle Region, E F. +
                                        Troyes,
                                        on Seine R, F. + Auxerre, E F. +
                                        Autun, E F.} + {Marne R area of
                                        Champagne Region, F.} *{900-4} +
                                        {362-3}*

191   7   368 #     N Romans          I Danube R source                     A
                                                                                Increasing numbers of Alamanni soldiers
                                                                                served in Roman army. From Falerii,
                                                                                Tarquinii & Caere, C I + Sutrium & Nepet,
                                                                                Etruria + Latium, SW of Rome, (see map 26,
                                                                                Putzger) + Areas of the Aequ Volsci,
                                                                                Sabini, & Hernici. Also Picenum. (shown
                                                                                f.ex. p. 21 of Putzger) + Campagna,
                                                                                Picenum, C & SC I (see map p. 40, Atlas of
                                                                                the Roman World; include yellow areas) +
                                                                                Picenum & Samnium (see map p. 40, Atlas of
                                                                                th Roman World; include yellow areas) +
                                                                                Etruria up to Arnus (Arno) R, Ager
                                                                                Gallicus, & S (see map p. 41, Atlas of the
                                                                                Roman World; include yellow areas) +
                                                                                Sicily, Corsica, Sardinia, Malta (see p.
                                                                                45, Atlas of the Roman World) + N I up to
                                                                                Alps + Carthago Nova (Cartagena)
                                                                                Guadalquivir RV, Ilipa (Alcala del Rio).
                                                                                Founded Territories + more comment;
                                                                                see long record. *{901-45}*
  8   2   370 376   N Huns            M S Russia up to lower Danube         Q
                                                                                From Lower Don R. *{8-1}*

900 360   370 433   N Huns            M {S Russian steppes + Lower Don R}   L
                                        + {S Russia up to lower Danube}
                                        *{900-359} + {8-2}*
                                                                                For consistency with (8-2).

 12  11   370 #     A Taifali         G Dacia & Thrace                      A
                                                                                From Dacia area of Banat & Lesser
                                                                                Valachia. *{12-9}* With W. Goths.

129  26   374 #     N Huns            M Kuban & Terek RR area (N of         C
                                        Caucasus).
                                                                                Probably from Lower Don area. West Huns,
                                                                                descendants of Hsiung-nu.

133  18   374 #     N Quadi           G S Pannonia RP                       A
                                                                                From Lower A N of Danube, S Moravia & SW
                                                                                Slovakia. + Upper Gran & Eipel RR (Hron &
                                                                                Ipel RR) CSSR. *{900-530}*

133  19   374 #     N Sarmatians      R S Pannonia                          A
                                                                                From S SU, see map 22a (4); 'Archeologicky
                                                                                Atlas Evropy A Ceskoslovenska'. (Same as
                                                                                {389-18}, but contracted from N of the
                                                                                Psol R.) *{391-2}*

900  12   375 #     N Alans           R H                                   Q
                                                                                Acc/to (127-2), belonging to tribal
                                                                                association of Huns. From Upper Don &
                                                                                Donets RR. *{234-34}* Some of this people
                                                                                only acc/to (110-66).

900  11   375 1200  N Alans           R Kuban & Terek area                  L
                                                                                Modern Ossetes. Displaced from other
                                                                                areas, (Upper Don & Donets RR + Lower
                                                                                Volga R betw Caucasus & Sea of Azov, & in
                                                                                Pontic Steppes (N of Black Sea)), by Huns.
                                                                                *{Location info acc/to (129-25).}*

900  77   375 406   N Alans           R Hungarian Plain                     L
                                                                                Acc/to (8-9). Allied with Huns. This
                                                                                alliance dissolved around 406 when Alans
                                                                                joined Vandals and Suebi to cross Rhine.

900  38   375 500   A Anglo-Saxons    G Betw Elbe & Ems RR, E Holstein, &   L
                                        W Mecklenburg.
                                                                                Acc/to (194-31). (Syn. Angles). (These are
                                                                                probably Saxons, for whom we have separate
                                                                                records. Likely can drop this record.)

 11  66   375 #     N E. Heruli       G Balkans beyond Dnepr R & Danube     M
                                                                                From Sea of Azov. *{12-24}* Not clear
                                                                                whether they stayed there between 375 and
                                                                                ca 450 AD and then moved to E A & S
                                                                                Moravia or whether they moved there right
                                                                                away.

900 561   375 451   A E. Heruli       G {Balkans beyond Dnepr R & Danube}   L
                                        *{11-66}*
                                                                                For consistency with (11-66) & (1-37).
                                                                                From Sea of Azov. *{12-24}* Not clear
                                                                                whether they stayed there between 375 and
                                                                                ca 450 AD and then moved to E A & S
                                                                                Moravia or whether they moved there right
                                                                                away.

  7   5   375 700   A Kutriguri       T Sea of Azov W shore Sea of Azov up  L
                                        to Don R & Black Sea shore of part
                                        of Crimea.
                                                                                End date for consistency with (234-86),
                                                                                (234-87), (234-88).

900 516   375 487   N Lombards        G E & SE D, Bohemia (see Abb 184 in   W
                                        ref 198).
                                                                                From both sides lower Elbe R. On left bk
                                                                                incl Lueneburger Heide, area betw Luhe &
                                                                                Ilmenau (Bardengau, incl mod locality
                                                                                Bardowick). *{185-1}* Acc/to (198-3). To
                                                                                (7-12).

 11  27   375 1970  N Ossetes         R N slopes of Caucasus                L
                                                                                Descendants of the Alans.

  7   4   375 700   A Utriguri        T Sea of Azov E shore Sea of Azov     L
                                        from Don R to Kerc (Crimea).
                                                                                End date for consistency with (234-89).

110  68   376 379   A Huns            M Betw Danube & Tisza RR              Q
                                                                                Some of this people only. This is the
                                                                                first Hunnic wave into H, followed by the
                                                                                'great' wave in 433. From S Russian
                                                                                steppes + Lower Don R + S Russia up to
                                                                                lower Danube. *{900-360}*

  8   4   376 378   N Ostrogoths      G Region around and N of Durostorum   Q
                                        (Silistra, BG), N bank of lower
                                        Danube R.
                                                                                From the Kingdom of the Bosporus (Cherson,
                                                                                Panticapaeum). This is not the Bosporus at
                                                                                Constantinople but that closing off Sea of
                                                                                Azov. + NW of Black Sea State between
                                                                                Carpathians, Don R, Vistula R, Sea of
                                                                                Azov, centered on lower Dnepr
                                                                                R. See reference 1 for exact border
                                                                                between Terwingians (W. Goths) and
                                                                                Greuthungi (E. Goths). *{900-492}*

234  79   376 600   A Ostrogoths      G Malorosa on Taman peninsula         L
                                                                                Start date necessary to connect with (900-
                                                                                492).

900 496   376 1700  N Ostrogoths      G Crimea                              L
                                                                                Acc/to Much: Deutsche Stammeskunde.
                                                                                Remnants of Goths, Crimean Goths.

901 203   376 378   N Ostrogoths      G {Region around and N of Durostorum  L
                                        (Silistra, BG), N bank of lower
                                        Danube R.} *{8-4}*

144   1   376 395   N Visigoths       G RPP Moesia Inferior Haemimontus,    W
                                        Rhodopa, Thracia, Scythia. (See
                                        map p.34, Putzger.)
                                                                                From the lower Danube & Olt Limes + Dacia.
                                                                                *{900-491}* Ref (190-3) says 70K West
                                                                                Goths resettled by Romans. Scythia added
                                                                                from ref (40-107). End date to conform to
                                                                                (308-10).

234  55   377 #     N Huns            M Crimea (crossing frozen Straits of  A
                                        Kerch from Caucasian to Crimean
                                        side of Sea of Azov).
                                                                                From Bessarabia via Lower Dnepr region.

 12  13   377 #     N Taifali         G I: Mutina (Modena), Regium          R
                                        (Reggio), Parma.
                                                                                From Dacia area of Banat & Lesser
                                                                                Valachia. *{12-9}*

191   6   378 #     N Alamanni        G Raetia I RP                         A
                                                                                40-70K attackers. From Meuse R area, just
                                                                                W of Mosel R, around Foug, E F. + Borders:
                                                                                W is Rhine R, S is L Constance, E is Iller
                                                                                & Danube RR. N of Main R, the Rheingau and
                                                                                Wetterau. + + Dieuze, betw Rhine & Mosel
                                                                                RR, nr Seille R, Moselle
                                                                                Region, E F. + Troyes, on Seine R, F. +
                                                                                Auxerre, E F. + Autun, E F. + Marne R area
                                                                                of Champagne Region, F. *{900-5}*

900 494   378 #     N Ostrogoths      G Balkans                             M
                                                                                From region around and N of Durostorum
                                                                                (Silistra, BG), N bank of lower Danube R.
                                                                                *{8-4}* For consistency with (11-79).

900 493   378 #     N Ostrogoths      G Pannonia I RP                       Q
                                                                                From region around and N of Durostorum
                                                                                (Silistra, BG), N bank of lower Danube R.
                                                                                *{8-4}* For consistency with (110-67).

110  67   378 470   A Ostrogoths      G Pannonia Prima RP                   L
                                                                                End date, see (11-81).

900 495   378 455   N Ostrogoths      G {Balkans} *{900-494}*               L
                                                                                Acc/to (11-79). End date questionable.
                                                                                Probably assimilated.

901  46   383 476   N Romans          I Britain                             T
                                                                                Acc/to Ploetz, p. 292. To Falerii,
                                                                                Tarquinii & Caere, C I + Sutrium & Nepet,
                                                                                Etruria + Latium, SW of Rome, (see map 26,
                                                                                Putzger) + Areas of the Aequ Volsci,
                                                                                Sabini, & Hernici. Also Picenum. (shown
                                                                                f.ex. p. 21 of Putzger) + Campagna,
                                                                                Picenum, C & SC I (see map p. 40, Atlas of
                                                                                the Roman World; include yellow areas) +
                                                                                Picenum & Samnium (see map p. 40, Atlas of
                                                                                th Roman World; include yellow areas) +
                                                                                Etruria up to Arnus (Arno) R, Ager
                                                                                Gallicus, & S (see map p. 41, Atlas
                                                                                of the Roman World; include yellow areas)
                                                                                + Sicily, Corsica, Sardinia, Malta (see p.
                                                                                45, Atlas of the Roman World) + N I up to
                                                                                Alps + Carthago Nova (Cartagena)
                                                                                Guadalquivir RV, Ilipa (Alcala del Rio).
                                                                                Founded Territories of Hispania Citerior
                                                                                (the coastal strip + more comment;
                                                                                see long record. *{901-47}*
901  47   383 401   N Romans          I {Falerii, Tarquinii & Caere, C I +  L
                                        Sutrium & Nepet, Etruria + Latium,
                                        SW of Rome + Areas of the Aequ
                                        Volsci, Sabini, & Hernici. Also
                                        Picenum + Campagna, Picenum, C &
                                        SC I + Picenum & Samnium + Etruria
                                        up to Arnus (Arno) R, Ager
                                        Gallicus,
                                        & S I + Sicily, Corsica,                Start date to conform to (901-46); end
                                        Sardinia,Malta + N I up to Alps +       date to conform to (172-21).
                                        Carthago Nova (Cartagena)
                                        Guadalquivir RV, Ilipa (Alcala del
                                        Rio). Founded Territories of
                                        Hispania Citerior (the coastal
                                        strip running from Baria (Vera) to
                                        the Pyrenees, with
                                        an indentation into the L Ebro RV,
                                        & Hispania Ulterior, comprising
                                        the future RP of Baetica + Ebro R
                                        basin in Navarre & Rioja &
                                        Guadiana, Jucar & Turia RR + RP
                                        Asia in AM + Istria + Macedonia
                                        RP, Illyricum + W Iberia -(Asturia
                                        & Cantabria)
                                        + GR + S coast of Thrace +
                                        Balearics (shortened - see long
                                        records) *{901-45} - {901-46}*

  8   7   384 #     N Huns            M RPP Noricum & Raetia                A
                                                                                From S Russian steppes + Lower Don R + S
                                                                                Russia up to lower Danube. *{900-360}*

  8   8   395 #     N Huns            M Asia crossed Don R at mouth,        A
                                        turned SE, broke through Caucasus
                                        into Persia & RPP S & SW of
                                        Armenia. Attacked Mesopotamia,
                                        Asia Minor, Syria.
                                                                                From S Russian steppes + Lower Don R + S
                                                                                Russia up to lower Danube. *{900-360}*
                                                                                During Asian campaign Huns added lots of
                                                                                peoples of various ethnic backgrounds to
                                                                                their pop.

308  10   395 396   A Visigoths       G E & S GR                            W
                                                                                From RPP Moesia Inferior, Haemimontus,
                                                                                Rhodopa, Thracia, Scythia. (See map p.34,
                                                                                Putzger.) *(144-1)* Also discussed in ref
                                                                                1.

308  11   397 401   A Visigoths       G Albania & SE YU (Macedonia acc/to   W
                                        ref 1.)
                                                                                From E & S GR. *(308-10)*

358  16   400 600   A Alamanni        G Basel, CH + {N, C, & E CH} *        Q
                                        Basel, CH + {178-9}*
                                                                                From Meuse R area, just W of Mosel R,
                                                                                around Foug, E F. + Borders: W is Rhine R,
                                                                                S is L Constance, E is Iller & Danube RR.
                                                                                N of Main R, the Rheingau and Wetterau. +
                                                                                Dieuze, betw Rhine & Mosel RR, nr Seille
                                                                                R, Moselle
                                                                                Region, E F. + Troyes, on Seine R, F. +
                                                                                Auxerre, E F. + Autun, E F. + Marne R area
                                                                                of Champagne Region, F. *{900-5}*

 12 168   400 #     A Alamanni        G N part of territory                 T
                                                                                To Basel, CH, + N, C, & E CH + Meuse R
                                                                                area, just W of Mosel R, around Foug, E F.
                                                                                + Borders: W is Rhine R, S is L Constance,
                                                                                E is Iller & Danube RR. N of Main R, the
                                                                                Rheingau and Wetterau. + Dieuze, betw
                                                                                Rhine & Mosel RR, nr Seille
                                                                                R, Moselle Region, E F. + Troyes, on Seine
                                                                                R, F. + Auxerre, E F. + Autun, E F. +
                                                                                Marne R area of Champagne Region, F. - N
                                                                                part of territory. *{900-6}*
                                                                                Land to right of Main R lost to Franks,
                                                                                area between Lower Main R and Neckar R to
                                                                                Burgundians.

900   6   400 454   A Alamanni        G {Basel, CH, + N, C, & E CH} +       L
                                        {Meuse R area, just W of Mosel R,
                                        around Foug, E F. + Borders: W is
                                        Rhine R, S is L Constance, E is
                                        Iller & Danube RR. N of Main R,
                                        the Rheingau and Wetterau. +
                                        Dieuze, betw Rhine & Mosel RR, nr
                                        Seille R,
                                        Moselle Region, E F. + Troyes, on       Location information for N part of
                                        Seine R, F. + Auxerre, E F. +           territory comes from (12-168).
                                        Autun, E F. + Marne R area of
                                        Champagne Region, F.} - {N part of
                                        territory.} *{358-16} + {900-5} *
                                        * - N part of territory.}*

364  13   400 1000  A Bartans         B Area betw Mamry & Shiardwy Lakes    L
                                        (Jezero), NE PL.
                                                                                Geipel lists gens synonyms: Bo-Russians,
                                                                                Kulmians, Nadrovians, Notangians, Old
                                                                                Prussians, Pagudeans.

 12 185   400 500   A Batavi          G Batavia Isl. Island defined by      I
                                        branch of Waal R which in Roman
                                        times was located nr Cleve. N
                                        border by crooked Old Rhine, S
                                        border by Waal R and then after
                                        its junction with the Maas, nr
                                        Workum and Gorkum (Gorinchem), the
                                        continuation
                                        of the two streams, known as the        By Franks.
                                        Merwede, from Dordrecht up to the
                                        Old Maas R, & then up to its mouth
                                        below Brielle. Some of the
                                        Batavians also lived S beyond Waal
                                        R.

 12 186   400 #     N Cannenefates    G N of old Rhine along seashore       I
                                                                                By Franks.

900 114   400 1054  A Curonians       B Kurzeme region, W Latvia            L
                                                                                Acc/to (364-5).

 30   1   400 500   A Danes           G Sjaelland, Skane, other areas of S  L
                                                                                End date for consistency with (170-15).

 13  24   400 500   A E. Germans      G U. Silesia & nr Czestochova         L
                                                                                Tribes not specified, possibly Gepids. (If
                                                                                named tribes shown in this area at this
                                                                                time, delete this record.)

900 127   400 1970  A Estonians       F Estonia, & islands of Hiuma &       L
                                        Saaremaa, due W of Estonia.
                                                                                Acc/to (364-1), (328-18), (213-8).
                                                                                Population 1007K in 1970.

201   6   400 800   A Finns           F Aland Is, E part of Lake District   E
                                        (Sysmae, Heinola, Karelian Isthmus)
                                                                                From the area of interior SW SF along Kumo
                                                                                RV. Toward Tampere & S Haeme. Also Vaasa
                                                                                hinterland. *{201-5}*

900 575   400 450   A Franks          G {Betw. Yssel & Lower Lippe RR} +    L
                                        {Upper Wupper R} + {Area N of
                                        Lippe R} *{12-206} + {900-25} +
                                        {12-197}*
                                                                                Union of separate tribes to form Franks:
                                                                                Chamavi (900-555), Amsivarii (900-25),
                                                                                Tubanti (900-573).

364  14   400 1000  A Galindians      B Lake(Jazero) Shiardwy area, NE PL   L

 30   4   400 550   A Gutar           G Goetland (Island off S)             L

 11  90   400 409   N Hasdingi        G Continental E                       M
                                                                                From Pannonian plain. *{900-548}* via
                                                                                Noricum (6-7), via Gaul (2-7). End date
                                                                                acc/to (6-9). Hasdingian Vandals suffered
                                                                                heavy losses. Will be called Vandals again
                                                                                hereafter. Total arrivals of all Germanic
                                                                                & Alan tribes hardly 100K (acc/to
                                                                                ref (53-35).

 13  23   400 #     A Huns            M Silesia nr Moravian Gate, upper     A
                                        Oder & Vistula RR.
                                                                                From S Russian steppes + Lower Don R + S
                                                                                Russia up to lower Danube. *{900-360}*

114  44   400 600   N Illyrians       Y Croatia                             I
                                                                                By Croats. (This must be matched up later--
                                                                                during the gens- consistency check--with
                                                                                specific Illyrian tribes extant in this
                                                                                area, and will then serve to provide end
                                                                                dates for the location records of such
                                                                                tribes.)

364   9   400 1000  A Jotwings        B Present border area of E PL, W      L
                                        Belorussia, & SW Lithuania W of
                                        Nemunas R.
                                                                                Gens name synonymous with Jatvingians,
                                                                                Sudorians, according to Geipel.

169   3   400 500   A Lettigallians   B N Latvia                            M
                                                                                ? from where.

364   3   400 1000  A Lettigallians   B Area S of Gauja R, incl Latgale     L
                                        region, C & W Latvia.

364   8   400 1000  A Lithuanians     B Area betw Nemunas R, Vilnius, & S   L
                                        to around Lida, S Lithuania & N
                                        Belorussia.

364   2   400 1000  A Livonians       F W Latvia, betw Gauja R & Gulf of    L
                                        Riga.

133  20   400 #     A Marcomanni      G Vienna Basin                        R
                                                                                By Romans. Part of tribe only. From
                                                                                Bohemia + Lower A, N of Danube & S
                                                                                Moravia. *{14-5} + {900-528}*

900 717   400 1000  N Mazovcane       S Middle Vistula R (incl Warsaw), PL. L
                                                                                Start date from end of (301-16), supported
                                                                                by (14-2), end date (147-19), (see p.32).
                                                                                Will become part of Poles.

900 790   400 1000  A Merya           F Area between Kostroma, Rostov and   L
                                        Suzdal (NE of Moscow, see map ref
                                        328)
                                                                                Syn. Merja. Start date acc/to (363-11).
                                                                                End date acc/to (13-64). West Finnic tribe.

364  12   400 1000  A Notangians      B Area betw Kaliningrad, (on          L
                                        Pregol'a R) & Jezero (lake) Mamry,
                                        S Rossijskaja region & Polish
                                        border.

234 171   400 600   A Novgorods       S L Ilmen (more extended area         Q
                                        described in (13-65)).
                                                                                Full name: Novgorod Slovenes. Author calls
                                                                                them Slovenes and considers them subgroup
                                                                                of Sclavini. From area betw Carpathian Mts
                                                                                & Mid Dnepr R, chiefly in Kiev region.
                                                                                *{234-49}*

900 672   400 1100  A Novgorods       S {L Ilmen (more extended area        L
                                        described in (13-65)).} *{234-171}*
                                                                                Full name: Novgorod Slovenes. For
                                                                                consistency with (234-171) and (32-43).
                                                                                End date acc/to (328-24). (Also supported
                                                                                by Vana: World of the Ancient Slavs, 1983,
                                                                                p.50.)

 30   3   400 550   A Oestgoetar      G Oestergoetland, S                   L

900 718   400 1000  N Polane          S Middle Warta R around Poznan, PL.   L
                                                                                Start date from (301-17), end date
                                                                                plausible by (147-17), p.32. (See also
                                                                                (303-3) & (302-31)). Will become part of
                                                                                Poles. (Syn. Poljane)

364  11   400 1000  A Samen           B Area betw Kaliningrad & Kursiv      L
                                        Zaliv (bay), Rossijskaja region, W
                                        SU.
                                                                                (Syn. Zamaites).

364  10   400 1000  A Schalauer       B N Rossijskaja area, on Baltic Sea   L
                                        (the area of E Prussia annexed by
                                        USSR post World War II).

364   7   400 1000  A Schamaiten      B Zemaitija region, W Lithuania       L

364   6   400 1000  A Selen           B E part of Zemgale region, Latvia    L

364   4   400 1000  A Semigallians    B Area betw Gulf of Rigaton, N        L
                                        Lithuania to S, Dougava & Abava
                                        RR, W Latvia, incl. Zemgale region.

234 126   400 600   A Swedes          G S & E shore of Baltic Sea           N
                                                                                From Sweden. (Swedish Vikings)

 12 175   400 #     A Thuringians     G NL                                  Q
                                                                                From Mid Elbe R, Saale R area & N of
                                                                                Danube R. Thuringians' area greater than
                                                                                modern Thuringia. Limits: In S, N of
                                                                                Danube R. In Main R area betw Thuringian
                                                                                Forest & Wuerzburg borders area of the
                                                                                Alamanni. In NE up to Elbe R & in N up
                                                                                to Ohre R & Kolbitz-Letzlinger Heide
                                                                                (heath). Toward W & NW border is
                                                                                indefinite. *{195-3}* Some Thuringians
                                                                                were moved to NL under Roman auspices.
                                                                                Date set at 400 AD to conform to name
                                                                                change from Hermunduri to Thuringians.

195   3   400 451   A Thuringians     G Mid Elbe R, Saale R area & N of     L
                                        Danube R. Thuringians' area
                                        greater than modern Thuringia.
                                        Limits: In S, N of Danube R. In
                                        Main R area betw Thuringian Forest
                                        & Wuerzburg borders area of the
                                        Alamanni. In NE up to Elbe R & in
                                        N up to Ohre
                                        R & Kolbitz-Letzlinger Heide            End date to conform to (12-172). Believed
                                        (heath). Toward W & NW border is        to be direct descendants of Hermunduri.
                                        indefinite.                             Name changed around 400 AD.

234 107   400 500   A Ugrians         C N Caucasian area                    Q
                                                                                From along Kama & Belaya RR modern area of
                                                                                Bashkiria. *{127-5}* Described as Ural and
                                                                                trans-Ural regions.

 30   2   400 550   A Vaestgoetar     G Vaestergoetland, S                  L

900 719   400 1000  N Vislane         S Upper Vistula (mostly N of it,      L
                                        reaching W to Cracow, E to San R
                                        mouth) PL.
                                                                                Start date from (301-18), supported by (14-
                                                                                2), end date from (371-1) (but note that
                                                                                (147-18) lists them as Vislane until 1200
                                                                                AD). Will become part of Poles. (Syn.
                                                                                Visilane)

140  14   400 #     A Votadini        K NW Wales                            R
                                                                                From area betw Tyne & Forth.

900 130   400 1970  A Votes           F Large area E of Narva R (now SU).   L
                                                                                Acc/to (169-5), (169-6). Now a very small
                                                                                group.

172  21   401 476   A Romans          I Raetia & Pannonia (I & II) RPP      T
                                                                                Dates for Pannonia acc/to chronology in
                                                                                ref 109 to 111, for Raetia acc/to (196-5).
                                                                                To Falerii, Tarquinii & Caere, C I +
                                                                                Sutrium & Nepet, Etruria + Latium, SW of
                                                                                Rome, (see map 26, Putzger) + Areas of the
                                                                                Aequ Volsci, Sabini, & Hernici.
                                                                                Also Picenum. (shown f.ex. p. 21 of
                                                                                Putzger) + Campagna, Picenum, C & SC I
                                                                                (see map p. 40, Atlas of the Roman World;
                                                                                include yellow areas) + Picenum & Samnium
                                                                                (see map p. 40, Atlas of th Roman World;
                                                                                include yellow areas) + Etruria up
                                                                                to Arnus (Arno) R, Ager Gallicus, & S (see
                                                                                map p. 41, Atlas of the Roman World;
                                                                                include yellow areas) + Sicily, Corsica,
                                                                                Sardinia, Malta (see p. 45, Atlas of the
                                                                                Roman World) + N I up to Alps + Carthago
                                                                                Nova (Cartagena) Guadalquivir RV,
                                                                                Ilipa (Alcala del Rio). Founded
                                                                                Territories + more comment; see long
                                                                                records list. *{901-48}*
901  48   401 406   N Romans          I {Falerii, Tarquinii & Caere, C I +  L
                                        Sutrium & Nepet, Etruria + Latium,
                                        SW of Rome + Areas of the Aequ
                                        Volsci, Sabini, & Hernici. Also
                                        Picenum + Campagna, Picenum, C &
                                        SC I + Picenum & Samnium + Etruria
                                        up to Arnus (Arno) R, Ager
                                        Gallicus,
                                        & S I + Sicily, Corsica,                Start date to conform to (172-21); end
                                        Sardinia,Malta + N I up to Alps +       date to conform to (180-18).
                                        Carthago Nova (Cartagena)
                                        Guadalquivir RV, Ilipa (Alcala del
                                        Rio). Terr. of Hispania Citerior
                                        (cstal strip from Baria (Vera) to
                                        the Pyrenees, with an indentation
                                        into the L Ebro
                                        RV, & Hispania Ulter